2341 AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY SCIENTISTS

AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY SCIENTISTS advise farmers, rural industries and government on aspects of farming, develop techniques for increasing productivity, and study and develop plans and policies for the management of forest areas.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks:

• collecting and analysing data and samples of produce, feed, soil and other factors affecting production
• advising Farmers and Farm Managers on techniques for improving the production of crops and livestock, and alternative agricultural options
• advising farmers on issues such as livestock and crop disease, control of pests and weeds, soil improvement, animal husbandry and feeding programs
• studying the environmental factors affecting commercial crop production, pasture growth, animal breeding, and the growth and health of forest trees
• studying the effects of cultivation techniques, soils, insects and plant diseases on animal, crop and forest production
• developing procedures and techniques for solving agricultural problems and improving the efficiency of production
• managing forest resources to maximise their long-term commercial, recreational and environmental benefits for the community
• studying the propagation and culture of forest trees, methods for improving the growth of stock, and the effects of thinning on forest yields
• preparing plans for reafforestation and devising efficient harvesting systems
• investigating, planning and implementing management procedures to cope with the effects of fires, floods, droughts, soil erosion, insect pests and diseases

Related Occupations:

• 234111 Agricultural Consultant
• 234112 Agricultural Scientist
• 234113 Forester (Aus) / Forest Scientist (NZ)
  
  

234111 AGRICULTURAL CONSULTANT

Alternative Title: Agricultural Adviser

Advises farmers, agricultural businesses, rural industries and government on the production, processing and distribution of farm products.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Agricultural Extension Officer
• Landcare Officer
  
  

234112 AGRICULTURAL SCIENTIST

Studies commercial plants, animals and cultivation techniques to enhance the productivity of farms and agricultural industries.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Agronomist
  
  

234113 FORESTER (AUS) / FOREST SCIENTIST (NZ)

Studies, develops and manages forest areas to maintain commercial and recreational uses, conserve flora and fauna, and protect against fire, pests and diseases.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Forestry Adviser
• Forestry Consultant

 

2342 CHEMISTS, AND FOOD AND WINE SCIENTISTS

CHEMISTS, AND FOOD AND WINE SCIENTISTS study the chemical and physical properties of substances, develop and monitor chemical processes and production, develop new and improve existing food products, and plan and coordinate the production of wine and spirits.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification. In the case of Wine Makers, at least five years of experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks:

• conducting experiments and tests to identify the chemical composition and reactive properties of natural substances and processed materials
• analysing and conducting research to develop theories, techniques and processes, and testing the reliability of outcomes under different conditions
• developing practical applications of experimental and research findings
• testing food products for flavour, colour, taste, texture and nutritional content
• advising on preserving, processing, packaging, storing and delivering foods
• developing quality control procedures and safety standards for the manufacture of food products
• examining grape samples to assess ripeness, sugar and acid content, and determining suitability for processing
• coordinating winemaking processes, directing workers in testing and crushing grapes, fermenting juices, and fortifying, clarifying, maturing and finishing wines
• blending wines according to formulae and knowledge of winemaking techniques

Occupations:

• 234211 Chemist
• 234212 Food Technologist
• 234213 Wine Maker
  
  

234211 CHEMIST

Studies the chemical and physical properties of substances, and develops and monitors chemical processes and production.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Analytical Chemist
• Industrial Chemist
  
  

234212 FOOD TECHNOLOGIST

Alternative Title: Food Scientist

Develops new and improves existing food products, and sets standards for producing, packaging and marketing food.

Skill Level: 1

234213 WINE MAKER

Alternative Title: Oenologist

Plans, supervises and coordinates the production of wine or spirits from selected varieties of grapes.

Skill Level: 1

 

2343 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS study, develop, implement and advise on policies and plans for managing and protecting the environment, flora, fauna and other natural resources.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks:

• evaluating habitat, wildlife and fisheries needs, and formulating short- and long-term management goals and objectives
• enforcing laws and regulations to conserve and protect fish and wildlife
• carrying out environmental impact assessments for a wide range of development projects
• proposing solutions to address negative environmental impact
• studying the effects of factors, such as terrain, altitude, climatic and environmental change, sources of nutrition, predators and the impacts of humans, on animal and plant life
• studying and analysing pollution, atmospheric conditions, demographic characteristics, ecology, mineral, soil and water samples
• developing conservation and management policies for biological resources, such as fish populations and forests, and establishing standards and developing approaches for the control of pollution and the rehabilitation of areas disturbed by activities such as mining, timber felling and overgrazing
• implementing policies and organising activities in designated parks and other areas to conserve and protect natural and cultural heritage
• participating in management planning by providing environmental information and making inventories of plants, animals and items of cultural and heritage significance

Related Occupations:

• 234311 Conservation Officer
• 234312 Environmental Consultant
• 234313 Environmental Research Scientist
• 234314 Park Ranger
• 234399 Environmental Scientists nec
  
  

234311 CONSERVATION OFFICER

Develops and implements programs and regulations for the protection of fish, wildlife and other natural resources.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Landcare Facilitator
  
  

234312 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT

Alternative Titles:

• Environmental Adviser
• Environmental Auditor
• Environmental Officer

Analyses and advises on policies guiding the design, implementation and modification of government or commercial environmental operations and programs.

Skill Level: 1

234313 ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH SCIENTIST

Alternative Title: Environmental Scientist

Studies and develops policies and plans for the control of factors which may produce pollution, imbalance in or degradation of the environment.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Air Pollution Analyst
• Ecologist
• Land Degradation Analyst
• Water Quality Analyst
  
  

234314 PARK RANGER

Assists in controlling a State or national park, scenic area, historic site, nature reserve, recreation area or conservation reserve in accordance with authorised policies and priorities.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Land and Sea Ranger (Aus)

 

234399 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS NEC

This occupation group covers Environmental Scientists not elsewhere classified.

Skill Level: 1

Occupations in this group include:

• Aquaculture Consultant
• Soil Scientist

 

2344 GEOLOGISTS AND GEOPHYSICISTS

GEOLOGISTS AND GEOPHYSICISTS study the composition, structure and other physical attributes of the earth, locate and advise on the extraction of minerals, petroleum and ground water, and detect, monitor and forecast seismic, magnetic, electrical, thermal and oceanographic activity.

Geographers are excluded from this unit group. Geographers are included in Unit Group 2724 Social Professionals.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks:

• conducting preliminary surveys of mineral, petroleum and natural gas deposits with prospectors, Mining Engineers, Metallurgists, and other mineral scientists and engineers
• preparing and supervising the production of laboratory reports and scientific papers
• conducting studies of the structure, nature and formation of the earth's crust and the minerals contained in it
• studying and dating fossils and rock strata to develop knowledge of the evolution and biology of life forms, and to assess their commercial applications
• studying the effects of natural events, such as erosion, sedimentation, earthquakes and volcanic activity, on the formation of the earth's surface and sea beds
• carrying out exploration to determine the resources present by sampling, examining and analysing geological specimens, rock cores, cuttings and samples using optical, chemical, electronic and mechanical techniques
• conducting surveys of variations in the earth's gravitational and magnetic fields to determine its physical features
• investigating the propagation of seismic waves to determine the structure and stability of the earth's mantle and crust
• studying the causes of earthquakes and other stress states of the earth's crust
• performing laboratory and field studies, and aerial, ground and drill hole surveys

Related Occupations:

• 234411 Geologist
• 234412 Geophysicist
  
  

234411 GEOLOGIST

Studies the composition, structure and other physical attributes of the earth to increase scientific knowledge and to develop practical applications in fields such as mineral exploitation, civil engineering, environmental protection and rehabilitation of land after mining.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Hydrogeologist
• Marine Geologist
• Palaeontologist
  
  

234412 GEOPHYSICIST

Studies the composition, structure and other physical attributes of the earth, locates minerals, petroleum or ground water, and detects, monitors and forecasts seismic, magnetic, electrical, geothermal and oceanographic activity.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Physical Oceanographer
• Seismologist

 

2345 LIFE SCIENTISTS

LIFE SCIENTISTS examine the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of humans, animals, plants and other living organisms to better understand how living organisms function and interact with each other and the environment in which they live.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks:

• designing and conducting experiments, making observations and measurements, researching information, analysing data, preparing or supervising the preparation of laboratory reports and scientific papers, presenting findings at scientific meetings and conferences, and supervising the work of staff
• studying the forms and structures of bodily organs and tissues by systematic observation, dissection and microscopic examination
• investigating the chemical structure and function of living cells and their isolated components, organs and tissues in humans, animals, plants, and micro-organisms
• examining micro-organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, yeast and their enzymes, and using the knowledge gained to create and develop new, and improve existing, products, materials and processes
• investigating the effects of environmental factors, such as rainfall, temperature, sunlight, soil, topography and disease, on plant growth
• planning and undertaking experiments to study, measure and understand marine animals and plants
• studying the growth and characteristics of micro-organisms, such as bacteria, algae and fungi, and the effects they have on plants, animals and humans to develop medical, veterinary, industrial, environmental and other practical applications
• investigating the interrelationships between animals in their natural surroundings, in captivity and in laboratories

Related Occupations:

• 234511 Life Scientist (General)
• 234512 Anatomist or Physiologist
• 234513 Biochemist
• 234514 Biotechnologist
• 234515 Botanist
• 234516 Marine Biologist
• 234517 Microbiologist
• 234518 Zoologist
• 234599 Life Scientists nec
  
  

234511 LIFE SCIENTIST (GENERAL)

Alternative Title: Biologist (General)

Studies the origin, anatomy, physiology, reproduction and behaviour of living organisms and the ways in which they interact with the environment in which they live.

Skill Level: 1

234512 ANATOMIST OR PHYSIOLOGIST

Studies the anatomy and physiology of humans.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Embryologist
• Neuroanatomist
  
  

234513 BIOCHEMIST

Studies the biochemistry of living organisms and the molecular structure and function of related components.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Enzyme Chemist
• Protein Chemist
  
  

234514 BIOTECHNOLOGIST

Studies the anatomy, physiology and characteristics of living organisms and isolated biological molecules, and develops new materials for applying to a range of purposes.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Cell Geneticist
• Molecular Biologist
• Molecular Geneticist
  
  

234515 BOTANIST

Studies the anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and ecology of plants.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Plant Morphologist
• Plant Pathologist
• Plant Physiologist
• Plant Taxonomist
  
  

234516 MARINE BIOLOGIST

Studies the anatomy, physiology, functions, characteristics, behaviour and environments of all forms of life living in the sea and connected water bodies.

Skill Level: 1

234517 MICROBIOLOGIST

Studies microscopic forms of life such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Bacteriologist (Non-medical)
  
  

234518 ZOOLOGIST

Studies the anatomy, physiology, characteristics, ecology, behaviour and environments of animals.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Entomologist
• Mammologist
• Ornithologist
  
  

234599 LIFE SCIENTISTS NEC

This occupation group covers Life Scientists not elsewhere classified.

Skill Level: 1

Occupations in this group include:

• Animal Behaviourist
• Parasitologist
• Pharmacologist (Non-clinical)
• Toxicologist

2346 MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENTISTS

MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENTISTS conduct medical laboratory tests to assist in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Tasks:

• preparing tissue sections for microscopic examination
• examining and analysing samples to study the effects of microbial infections
• analysing samples of body tissue and fluids to develop techniques to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases
• advising Medical Practitioners on the interpretation of tests and methods for use in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
• setting up the steps and rules of laboratory medical testing
• operating and maintaining laboratory equipment
• maintaining laboratory quality assurance and safety standards
• preparing scientific papers and reports

Related Occupation:

• 234611 Medical Laboratory Scientist
  
  

234611 MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENTIST

Alternative Titles:

• Hospital Scientist
• Medical Scientific Officer

Conducts medical laboratory tests to assist in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease.

Skill Level: 1

 

2347 VETERINARIANS

VETERINARIANS diagnose, treat and prevent animal diseases, ailments and injuries.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing is required.

Tasks:

• treating animals medically and surgically, and administering and prescribing drugs, analgesics, and general and local anaesthetics
• determining the presence and nature of abnormal conditions by physical examination, laboratory testing and through diagnostic imaging techniques including radiography and ultrasound
• performing surgery, dressing wounds and setting broken bones
• rendering obstetric services to animals
• participating in programs designed to prevent the occurrence and spread of animal diseases
• inoculating animals against, and testing for, infectious diseases and notifying authorities of outbreaks of infectious animal diseases
• performing autopsies to determine cause of death
• advising clients on health, nutrition and feeding, hygiene, breeding and care of animals
• may provide professional services to commercial firms producing biological and pharmaceutical products
• may specialise in the treatment of a particular animal group or in a particular specialty area such as cardiology, chiropractic, dermatology or critical care

Related Occupation:

• 234711 Veterinarian

 

234711 VETERINARIAN

Alternative Title: Veterinary Surgeon

Diagnoses, treats and prevents animal diseases, ailments and injuries. Registration or licensing is required.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Veterinary Parasitologist
• Veterinary Pathologist

 

2349 OTHER NATURAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS

This unit group covers Natural and Physical Science Professionals not elsewhere classified.

It includes Conservators, Metallurgists, Meteorologists and Physicists.

Skill Level: 1

In Australia and New Zealand:

Most occupations in this unit group have a level of skill commensurate with a bachelor degree or higher qualification. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification. In the case of Conservators, at least five years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualification (ANZSCO Skill Level 1).

Registration or licensing may be required.

Related Occupations:

• 234911 Conservator
• 234912 Metallurgist
• 234913 Meteorologist
• 234914 Physicist
• 234999 Natural and Physical Science Professionals nec
  
  

234911 CONSERVATOR

Plans and organises the conservation of materials and objects in libraries, archives, museums, art galleries and other institutions.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisation:

• Art Conservator

 

234912 METALLURGIST

Researches, develops, controls and provides advice on processes used in extracting metals from their ores, and processes used for casting, alloying, heat treating or welding refined metals, alloys and other materials to produce commercial metal products or develop new alloys and processes. Registration or licensing may be required.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Hydrometallurgical Engineer
• Metallographer
• Pyrometallurgical Engineer
• Radiological Metallurgist
  
  

234913 METEOROLOGIST

Studies the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere to increase understanding of weather and climate, and to forecast changes in the weather and long-term climatic trends.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Climatologist
• Weather Forecaster
  
  

234914 PHYSICIST

Studies matter, space, time, energy, forces and fields and the interrelationship between these physical phenomena to further understanding of the laws governing the behaviour of the universe, and seeks to apply these laws to solve practical problems and discover new information about the earth and the universe.

Skill Level: 1

Specialisations:

• Astronomer
• Medical Physicist
  
  

234999 NATURAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS NEC

This occupation group covers Natural and Physical Science Professionals not elsewhere classified.

Skill Level: 1

Occupations in this group include:

• Ceramics Scientist
• Exercise Physiologist
• Mineral Processing Engineer
• Polymer Scientist
• Sports Scientist